Background Dietary total fat, saturated fat and cholesterol intake are associated with the prevention and treatment of various chronic diseases, especially cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the leading cause of mortality in Korea. We conducted a cross-sectional study to examine the effects of health related factors on dietary fat and cholesterol intake in Korean middle-aged and elderly.
Methods 2540(male 765, female 1775) subjects aged 50 years and over were interviewed in 15 cities in 2000. Dietary fat and cholesterol intake were assessed using a validated semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Total fat, percentage of energy intake from total fat, saturated fatty acid, cholesterol, cholesterol-saturated fat index(CSI) and ratio of ingested saturated fat and cholesterol to calores(RISCC) were evaluated.--Obesity, agarette?use, alcohol consumption,´execise, stress level and disease status were determined.. Differences in fat intake by health factors were assessed using General Linear Model, after stratified by gender and age group.
Results Middle aged to elderly men consumed similar levels of dietary fat, while women consumed less dietary fat when they became older. Subjects with CVD had similar fat intake when compared to subjects without CVID. Obesity and smoking did not change fat intake level in male subjects. However, obese and/or non-smoking women consumed more dietary fat than non-obese and/or smoking women. Alcohol drinking did not change fat intake level. Men and women, who exercised regularly, consumed less fat than those who did not exercise. Women, who had lower stress level, consumed less fat than those who had higher stress level.
Conclusions These results show that dietary fat levels of women were more influenced by health related factors than those of men Exercise in men, and age, obesity, smoking, exercise, and stress level affected dietary fat intake level in women. Therefore, it seems that planning a health intervention program for prevention and treatment of CVD would benefit all subjects, regardless of their health behavior, and the importance of reduction of dietary fat and cholesterol level need to strengthen for people, eventhough they have a good health behavior. (Korean J Health Promot Dis Prev 2004;4:25~37)
|